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TauCeti.AlgebraicGeometry.EllipticCurve.Isogeny.IntermediateRing.Dedekind

The intermediate ring is a Dedekind domain #

For an isogeny φ : Isogeny W₁ W₂, the intermediate ring — the integral closure of W₂.CoordinateRing in W₁.FunctionField — is a Dedekind domain whenever the target's coordinate ring is one. Nothing is assumed about the function-field extension beyond what the isogeny already gives, so inseparable isogenies are covered, Frobenius included.

This is what the relative ideal norm asks of the middle ring: ClassGroup.relNorm, and through it ClassGroup.extendedRelNormHom, is stated over a module-finite extension of Dedekind domains, so Isogeny.pushClass needs φ.intermediateRing to be Dedekind and not merely normal.

Main results #

Design #

Why this is separate from IntegrallyClosed.lean. Isogeny.isIntegrallyClosed_intermediateRing is proved from the formal fact that integrality is transitive, and sees neither a trace form nor a finiteness hypothesis. Being Dedekind is a conjunction — integrally closed, Noetherian, dimension at most one — and the Noetherian half is where the cost enters: it needs the extension W₂.FunctionField ≤ W₁.FunctionField to be finite, which is why this file takes the algebra structures and the tower that name that extension while its sibling takes only the isogeny.

Where the separability hypothesis went. Until TauCeti.IsIntegralClosure.isDedekindDomain existed, the Noetherian half could only be had from Mathlib's IsIntegralClosure.isDedekindDomain, whose route is the trace pairing and which therefore sits under the section variable [Algebra.IsSeparable K L] at Mathlib/RingTheory/DedekindDomain/IntegralClosure.lean line 147. This file carried that hypothesis for exactly that reason, and its own docstring recorded that the conclusion was expected to hold without it. Krull–Akizuki (TauCeti/RingTheory/IntegralClosure/NormalizationFinite.lean) removed the obstruction, and TauCeti/RingTheory/DedekindDomain/IntegralClosure.lean assembles the Dedekind conclusion from it, so the hypothesis is now gone from the statement.

The sibling Finite.lean still carries it, and no longer for a shared reason. Isogeny.moduleFinite_intermediateRing concludes that φ.intermediateRing is a finite W₂.CoordinateRing-module, and Krull–Akizuki does not supply that: the integral closure it produces is Noetherian but need not be a finite module. Separability is not needed for that conclusion either: IsIntegralClosure.finite_of_fraction_model supplies module-finiteness without a trace form, and Isogeny.moduleFinite_intermediateRing_of_isDedekindDomain is what uses it.

IsDedekindDomain W₂.CoordinateRing is taken as a hypothesis rather than derived. It is supplied in two steps: WeierstrassCurve.Affine.isDedekindDomain_coordinateRing_of_isIntegrallyClosed needs [IsIntegrallyClosed W₂.CoordinateRing], and for an elliptic curve WeierstrassCurve.Affine.isIntegrallyClosed_coordinateRing supplies that from [W₂.IsElliptic]. Taking the Dedekind property directly keeps both steps out of this file, exactly as the sibling takes [IsIntegrallyClosed W₂.CoordinateRing] rather than assuming a curve.

Provenance #

mathlib-track. TauCetiRoadmap/EllipticCurves/README.md:1092 lists the IntermediateRing with intermediateRingFinite and intermediateRingIsIntegrallyClosed among the components of D. Angdinata's shared isogeny development, on the way to pushClass and toPointHom; the Dedekind property is what those two facts are combined for. The same target records at :1097 that the hypothesis inventory of that development is "genuinely minimal", which is what dropping separability here restores.

AINTLIB proves the same statement about the same object as NormConormIntegralClosure.instDedekindB (github.com/CBirkbeck/AINTLIB, Apache-2.0, HasseWeil/Curves/NormConormIntegralClosure.lean, by Chris Birkbeck), for B := integralClosure C₂.CoordinateRing C₁.FunctionField, but only in the separable case and by the Mathlib route this file no longer uses. What is adapted here is the reduction to intermediateRing as this repository defines it — through the corestricted pullback and Isogeny.isIntegralClosure_intermediateRing — rather than to Mathlib's literal integralClosure subalgebra.

The intermediate ring is a Dedekind domain. It is the integral closure of W₂.CoordinateRing in W₁.FunctionField, and the integral closure of a Dedekind domain in a finite extension of its fraction field is again Dedekind.

No separability of the function-field extension is assumed — the Noetherian half comes from Krull–Akizuki through TauCeti.IsIntegralClosure.isDedekindDomain — so this covers inseparable isogenies, Frobenius included, exactly as Isogeny.isIntegrallyClosed_intermediateRing does.